Ken Iverson was also 'one guy' who formulated APL while working at Harvard University. He later wrote the APL book: A Programming Language while at IBM. I am o

Ken Iverson was also 'one guy' who formulated APL while working at Harvard University. He later wrote the APL book: A Programming Language while at IBM. I am one who thinks all of the effort that went into, and is still going into symbolic AI with Lisp will re-emerge to tie in with the current ML techniques using neural networks like ANNs, RNNs, GANNs, etc. to really bring AI/ML to the next level. This 1992 [1] paper concludes with an interesting line: "In conclusion, the research summarized in this paper demonstrates that combining symbolic and connectionist methods is a promising approach to machine learning." There are many others that are more current - search on "ML and Symbolic AI". [1 - PDF] https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF00993982.pdf https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF00993982.pdf