3 ms·
This small snippet from Wikipedia claims that DNA/RNA is not always "expressed in the same way" and that bacteria en eukaryotes have a different (albeit related
by teekert 7y ago
This small snippet from Wikipedia claims that DNA/RNA is not always "expressed in the same way" and that bacteria en eukaryotes have a different (albeit related) amino acid for AUG (Methionine vs. N-formylmethionine). So those claims here and in the article (even the title) are not completely true.
_Encoding_
Methionine is one of only two amino acids encoded by a single codon (AUG) in the standard genetic code (tryptophan, encoded by UGG, is the other). In reflection to the evolutionary origin of its codon, the other AUN codons encode isoleucine, which is also a hydrophobic amino acid. In the mitochondrial genome of several organisms, including metazoa and yeast, the codon AUA also encodes for methionine. In the standard genetic code AUA codes for isoleucine and the respective tRNA (ileX in Escherichia coli) uses the unusual base lysidine (bacteria) or agmatine (archaea) to discriminate against AUG.[15][16]
The methionine codon AUG is also the most common start codon. A "Start" codon is message for a ribosome that signals the initiation of protein translation from mRNA when the AUG codon is in a Kozak consensus sequence. As a consequence, methionine is often incorporated into the N-terminal position of proteins in eukaryotes and archaea during translation, although it can be removed by post-translational modification. In bacteria, the derivative N-formylmethionine is used as the initial amino acid. [0]
[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methionine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methionine