That page does not include any of the numbers in the Low Tech Magazine table. It lists 165 academic and 14 popular publications. The other paper posted by femt

That page does not include any of the numbers in the Low Tech Magazine table. It lists 165 academic and 14 popular publications. The other paper posted by femto shows aluminum at ~16 kWh/kg. The slightly higher value is due to an earlier date cutoff around 2009. See figure 4(b): http://web.mit.edu/ebm/www/Publications/energy_required.pdf http://web.mit.edu/ebm/www/Publications/energy_required.pdf