What exactly do you mean by stateless? Encapsulation in the OOP sense is not stateless, because two identical method-calls may not return the same value. Exampl

What exactly do you mean by stateless? Encapsulation in the OOP sense is not stateless, because two identical method-calls may not return the same value. Example: if you have an ArrayList, calling `size` at one point in time might have a different result than calling `size` now. That's why I say the list 'remembers' its 'state'. An object wrapper has to have the object somewhere in memory, you just can't touch it. With a monad, the object might not even exist yet (example: Promise) or there might be more than one (example: Collections).