And yet Vanguard say that HFT helps lower their costs by adding market liquidity and therefore reducing spreads: https://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2014/

And yet Vanguard say that HFT helps lower their costs by adding market liquidity and therefore reducing spreads: https://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2014/04/28/bill-mcnabb-of-vanguard-says-that-hft-is-beneficial-to-investors/ https://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2014/04/28/bill-mcn...