So some quick Googling shows that the neutrino beam fires every 1.3 seconds[1] and the 'near' detector on average captures 20 neutrinos, the 'far' detector sees

So some quick Googling shows that the neutrino beam fires every 1.3 seconds[1] and the 'near' detector on average captures 20 neutrinos, the 'far' detector sees <1 detection [2]. Note that the latter paper is from 2005 so this may have been substantially upgraded. Each 'spill' takes 8.67 milliseconds, so if you simply vary the firing time to send a signal using coordinated clocks, naively you could send up to ln(1000 / 8.67) = 6.8 bits per second, but at the cost of the very latency that you're trying to minimize. I'm sure there are smarter schemes, like also varying the neutrino beam density, but at 20 neutrinos per detection there's not much channel capacity in the amplitude either. It looks like the main bottleneck is in the neutrino generation though, you can use more accelerator beams without needing to build more detectors right away. Note also that the 'far' detector is only 500 miles away, so depending on how collimated the neutrino beam is you may be losing a lot of signal to get all the way through the Earth. [1] http://nusoft.fnal.gov/nova/public/neutrinos.html http://nusoft.fnal.gov/nova/public/neutrinos.html [2] http://neutron.physics.ucsb.edu/docs/MINOS_info.pdf http://neutron.physics.ucsb.edu/docs/MINOS_info.pdf