I can't read your link as it's behind a paywall. But here's one with unrestricted access [1]: big pharma spends in average 17% of their revenue on R&D, while A

I can't read your link as it's behind a paywall. But here's one with unrestricted access [1]: big pharma spends in average 17% of their revenue on R&D, while Apple spends 3%. [1] https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/060115/how-much-drug-companys-spending-allocated-research-and-development-average.asp https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/060115/how-much-dru... Edit Here's another link that states the average for Big Pharma for 2018 was 20% [2] https://www.fiercebiotech.com/special-report/top-10-pharma-r-d-budgets-2018 https://www.fiercebiotech.com/special-report/top-10-pharma-r...