Ireland - yes and no. The Irish Government like to deny it, but I'd argue that the "Public Services Card" (https://psc.gov.ie/ https://psc.gov.ie/) is a de-fac

Ireland - yes and no. The Irish Government like to deny it, but I'd argue that the "Public Services Card" (https://psc.gov.ie/ https://psc.gov.ie/) is a de-facto ID card (and hence central ID database).