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AIUI nicotine is not especially addictive on its own; without a type of chemical known as an MAOI (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoamine_oxidase_inhibitor htt
by tempguy9999 7y ago
AIUI nicotine is not especially addictive on its own; without a type of chemical known as an MAOI (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoamine_oxidase_inhibitor https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoamine_oxidase_inhibitor) it is minimally addictive (https://www.biopsychiatry.com/nicotine-mao.htm https://www.biopsychiatry.com/nicotine-mao.htm)
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Although nicotine is generally considered to be the main compound responsible for the addictive properties of tobacco, experimental data indicate that nicotine does not exhibit all the characteristics of other abused substances, such as psychostimulants and opiates. [...] Because tobacco smoke contains monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and decreases MAO activity in smokers, we have combined MAOIs with nicotine to determine whether it is possible to obtain a locomotor response to nicotine in C57Bl6 mice. [...] Finally, it was found that, whereas naive rats did not readily self-administer nicotine (10 mug/kg/injection), a robust self-administration of nicotine occurred when animals were pretreated with tranylcypromine (3 mg/kg). Our data suggest that MAOIs contained in tobacco and tobacco smoke act in synergy with nicotine to enhance its rewarding effects.
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Tranylcypromine is an MAOI (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tranylcypromine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tranylcypromine)
Does anyone know what a locomotor response is? I did a search but got nothing usefu.
Ciggies contain MAOIs, vapes don't (I believe, and they should never be allowed to, but...). Nicotine is seemingly much less addictive without it. This fits in with my own experience, I used nicotine tablets for smoking reduction as a recreational drug, and as an alternative to coffee to wake me up (it's a light buzz, no more). I don't find it addictive, meaning I don't use it much and it doesn't 'call to me' in the way chewing tobacco did when I tried that.
- Balgair 7y agoLocomotor responses are likely related to the nAChR (Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor) [0], though I couldn't find the exact source in the documents you linked to. "They are found in the central and peripheral nervous system, muscle, and many other tissues of many organisms. At the neuromuscular junction they are the primary receptor in muscle for motor nerve-muscle communication that controls muscle contraction. In the peripheral nervous system: (1) they transmit outgoing signals from the presynaptic to the postsynaptic cells within the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, and (2) they are the receptors found on skeletal muscle that receive acetylcholine released to signal for muscular contraction. " [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptor https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinic_acetylcholine_recept...
- GuB-42 7y agoI didn't realize tobacco contains MAOIs. I wonder what happens when mixed with DMT. For information, DMT is a powerful psychedelic hallucinogen found in several plants. It isn't active orally because it is destroyed by MAOs. To make it active, it can be mixed with MAOIs, that's how Ayahuasca is made. A MAOI/DMT mix called Changa can also be smoked, but AFAIK, it doesn't contain tobacco as a main ingredient, Ayahuasca vine is used instead.
- tempguy9999 7y agoI'm aware of DMT and its need for MAOIs. If you don't have this https://www.amazon.co.uk/Psychedelics-Encyclopedia-Peter-Stafford/dp/0914171518/ https://www.amazon.co.uk/Psychedelics-Encyclopedia-Peter-Sta... may I recommend you race to the local bookstore and order it. It's a fantastic, thorough and scientific book. And at less than 30 quid, that's cheaper than 3 packs of cigs and a damn sight more interesting.