One of the major design objectives of the Eisenhower freeway system was to eliminate the need for freeway drivers to slow down and stop due to towns - it create

One of the major design objectives of the Eisenhower freeway system was to eliminate the need for freeway drivers to slow down and stop due to towns - it created freeways as "protected" roads. In cities, this often meant expanding or cutting new rights of way for the freeway, often by demolishing homes, a process that was expensive and politically unpopular (and, as we understand much more now than back then, extremely destructive to those areas). In smaller towns, though, it was often easier to just curve the freeway right around the outside of the town, putting it through undeveloped land. This had its own consequences, which you can see rather clearly in many smaller Western towns that formerly sat on a US Highway. The road through town which served as the highway spawned a great number of restaurants, gas stations, and especially motels. When a freeway was built along the same route as the US highway, it departed the old highway route before and after the town in a curving 'bypass.' The result was that the businesses in town lost their large pool of customers passing through, and often relocated or went out of business. This manifests throughout the west as a blight of abandoned and run-down motels doomed by the freeway system. You can often see this pattern in cities as well as smaller towns (e.g. Central Ave/historic US 66 in Albuquerque, Powell Blvd/US 26 in Portland). The bypassed highway sections were often, but not always, later signed a "business loops" of the freeway (fwy number on 'transparent' or green freeway shield), a designation which promised that following the road straight on would put you back onto the freeway reasonably promptly, but this did little to help the problem. And so, new businesses formed along the immediate exit of the freeway, which was at the outskirts of the town since the freeway was placed far enough out to obtain an unimpeded right of way. This has contributed significantly to the loss of the historic cores of towns and even cities, as well as reduced the economic vitality of many of these "truck stop towns." To a large extent, the freeway system created the modern American roadside stop. But, at the same time, it destroyed a different version of the roadside stop that had thrived before it. Just like the US highways had before it, and the railroads before that, right back to Puebloan trade routes in these parts.