They're starting to become standardized. Apple announced LHLS, a "low latency extension" to the HLS standard, https://developer.apple.com/documentation/http_liv

They're starting to become standardized. Apple announced LHLS, a "low latency extension" to the HLS standard, https://developer.apple.com/documentation/http_live_streaming/protocol_extension_for_low-latency_hls_preliminary_specification https://developer.apple.com/documentation/http_live_streamin.... I don't think anyone really follows Apple's spec for various technical reasons, though. Most do some sort of chunked-transfer encoding, along with pre-signaling segments in playlists, as outlined by the Periscope folks here: https://medium.com/@periscopecode/introducing-lhls-media-streaming-eb6212948bef https://medium.com/@periscopecode/introducing-lhls-media-str...