Boat and Plane are for provinces - the airlines make most of their revenue via Cargo. PAL/Cebu Pacific/Air Asia. But, within Luzon, there is infrastructure via

Boat and Plane are for provinces - the airlines make most of their revenue via Cargo. PAL/Cebu Pacific/Air Asia. But, within Luzon, there is infrastructure via Marcos Highway (renamed, but everyone still calls it marcos highway), NLEX, TPLEX, SLEX, Subic ExpressWay that make going from the north point of Luzon to the South Point possible. There is also the Pan Philippine Highway (which really sucks) that supposedly connects north Luzon to South Mindinao and has ferry points. Regardless, Luzon - Highway/Flights. Everywhere else - port side cities/flights. Last mile IS really hard. This also goes hand in hand w/ refrigration - you'll never see yogurt or dairy for sale in the country outside Luzon and major city centers. The dairy products you DO see are highly processed and have high self life. E.g. Yogurt made from milk powder, cheese made from oils, etc. It's really interesting --- but the dairy industry of the Philippines is another interesting shortcoming of the country - if you read reports, something like 90% of all fresh dairy is consumed by Coffee Shops e.g. Starbucks.