EU as well and anecdotal; I have 3 dutch bank accounts with CCs, Spanish one with Debitcard and Revolut debit card. Chargebacks on the Spanish are the easiest;

EU as well and anecdotal; I have 3 dutch bank accounts with CCs, Spanish one with Debitcard and Revolut debit card. Chargebacks on the Spanish are the easiest; I mail my bank and they refund whatever I ask them no questions asked. Revolut does so as well but they ask questions. The Dutch Cc ones are the worst; they require a lengthy process and sometimes they still do not side with me even though it is rather obvious. However, if they detect them themselves (the fraud transactions) then they do reverse without issues: I am talking about the ones I report (over many years; it does not happen often, and only in countries that do not use chip and pin for most transactions like US, some places in HK etc).