Agreed, although to pick a nit (because it's an interesting nit IMO) "Classes" is orthogonal to allocation. In C++ you choose where you allocate your class and

Agreed, although to pick a nit (because it's an interesting nit IMO) "Classes" is orthogonal to allocation. In C++ you choose where you allocate your class and in Java the escape analyzer chooses for you. C# and Go have a GC and (more or less) semantics for heap-vs-stack allocation.