How does a new engineer to a project go from knowing nothing about how a distributed system to having a sense of mastery over the tasks of: - Explaining the ar

How does a new engineer to a project go from knowing nothing about how a distributed system to having a sense of mastery over the tasks of: - Explaining the architecture of the system at a high level - Given a change that needs to be made to the system, navigating to the relevant part of the codebases. - Write an integration test which checks some invariant involving multiple components of the system - Given an error report which might be noise or might indicate a real production issue, triage the report. And how does the process of gaining mastery of these activities differ from doing so when joining as a contributor to a non-distributed system?