Yes. There's a long list of different starches and other molecules (e.g. connective tissue in joints) that your gut bacteria feed off of, and different strains

Yes. There's a long list of different starches and other molecules (e.g. connective tissue in joints) that your gut bacteria feed off of, and different strains of bacteria prefer different types of food. In the FODMAP diet, you avoid certain starches in a deliberate attempt to shift your biome diversity.