This concept equal opportunities by separating children from their parents is something that Plato explored quite a lot with the concept of the guardians, with

This concept equal opportunities by separating children from their parents is something that Plato explored quite a lot with the concept of the guardians, with some rather absurd suggestions which was likely given as both a commentary on the problem and criticism of the aristocratic society. If I remember right this is a central theme in Utopia. Philip K dick also had a short story called Progeny with a similar theme, but here exploring it from the perspective of psychology.