Scheme strives to be; but "Lisp" in general includes a whole bunch of imperative and effectful stuff (e.g. all the looping constructs in Common Lisp). Lots of

Scheme strives to be; but "Lisp" in general includes a whole bunch of imperative and effectful stuff (e.g. all the looping constructs in Common Lisp). Lots of that could be implemented via lambdas and recursion, but it could also be implemented by any other Turing-complete system.