Pretty much the stuff already mentioned elsewhere on HN for this article. I often find Werkzeug's excellent debugger is enough: https://news.ycombinator.com/ite

Pretty much the stuff already mentioned elsewhere on HN for this article. I often find Werkzeug's excellent debugger is enough: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19718869 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19718869 . pdb/ipdb/pudb et al (pick your fav) can help for really tricky stuff. And sufficient logging, so you know what's going on at all times even without a debugger attached. (occasionally, the low effort of print-debugging works, but if you keep having to print in more/different locations... it's a blunt tool IMO)