This paper[1] gets at it for one. From the abstract: " Consistent with the importance of exposure effects in career selection, women and disadvantaged youth a

This paper[1] gets at it for one. From the abstract: " Consistent with the importance of exposure effects in career selection, women and disadvantaged youth are as underrepresented among high-impact inventors as they are among inventors as a whole. These findings suggest that there are many “lost Einsteins”—individuals who would have had highly impactful inventions had they been exposed to innovation in childhood—especially among women, minorities, and children from low-income families." [1] https://academic.oup.com/qje/article-abstract/134/2/647/5218522?redirectedFrom=fulltext https://academic.oup.com/qje/article-abstract/134/2/647/5218...