A few more points regarding (1). The longer a bus takes to arrive, the more people will accumulate at the next stop, thus compounding the problem. Also, all p

A few more points regarding (1). The longer a bus takes to arrive, the more people will accumulate at the next stop, thus compounding the problem. Also, all people don't board the bus at the same speed. The more people that accumulate, the higher likelihood you have of getting an outlier when it comes to boarding time (wheelchair, elderly, bikes, etc). So the later a bus runs, the later it's likely to be.