It would be illegal to discriminate against people based on race. But discriminate based on prior address... well have they lived in Roxbury, Oakland, Harlem, o

It would be illegal to discriminate against people based on race. But discriminate based on prior address... well have they lived in Roxbury, Oakland, Harlem, or the south side of Chicago? What prevents a machine learning model from detecting a feature based on the fact that applicants who used to live in those areas?