...and regarding environmental controls instigating a recession, that is very far from the truth (again, in my experience). Extending the above 'ship design in

...and regarding environmental controls instigating a recession, that is very far from the truth (again, in my experience). Extending the above 'ship design industry' example, when IMO imposed emission caps on ships, did the shipping industry (and supporting industries) faulter or thrive? They're thriving. Why? Because they need to build new things to replace the old things. -MAN B&W and Wartsilla (Engine Manufacturuers) are now building dual-fuel engines. -These guys, and their affiliates are offering Exhaust Scrubbing systems (e.g., EGRs, SCRs, Scrubbers, etc.). -Because of the increase in SCR's, there is now a new, large market for UREA (the active agent, basically Ammonia, in SCR's) -Propeller manufacturers are offering more hydrodynamic designs, and tow-test tanks are employed to help design those propellers and hydro-improved hull forms. -New companies have sprouted up (e.g. Energy Focus, etc) just to supply energy efficient LED lighting for ships. -Contractors are being employed to design new LNG-fuel supply infrastructure to piers world-wide. New training facilities/programs are being built to teach sailors/shore crew how to safely handle LNG. -Marine hardware suppliers now have a host of new products to sell to meet the demand for energy efficient plants (e.g., high accuracy fuel mass flow meters, shaft torque/thrust sensors, tank gauges, smart controls for HVAC plants, low-power water production units, etc.) -Companies have sprouted up to supply newly conceived "energy dashboards" that use genetic and machine-learning algorithms to find optimized ship operating configuration (speed, equipment line-up, trim, etc) for a given set of environmental/mission inputs (e.g. weather, voyage plan, etc.). -I could go on for a long-long time. Does this sound like a recession to you??? The argument that increasing environmental regulation will stifle the economy is just not true. From what I've seen, the opposite is true. Competition is spurred and new markets emerge, putting more people to work in jobs that actually matter.