You want to separate app and OS dependencies because in the future you could have the need to update the system which would mean rebuilding the docker package.

You want to separate app and OS dependencies because in the future you could have the need to update the system which would mean rebuilding the docker package. In the future it can happen you are no longer able to reproduce your app build. But when you have the app package separate in some repository you can just create a new docker image but reuse the old app package without rebuilding it.