If you want to see an advanced Python compiler, have a look at PyPy. While CPython bytecode compiler is "dump", it's as smart as it can be. You can do crazy stu

If you want to see an advanced Python compiler, have a look at PyPy. While CPython bytecode compiler is "dump", it's as smart as it can be. You can do crazy stuff with speculative replacing of bytecodes with guards and type-specific bytecodes, but then you might as well create a full just in time compiler. It's incredibly hard to create optimizations on bytecode level without changing semantics, which Python rightly stayed away from.