Thanks for summaries. Inside China there are many years of experience of helping poor areas get out of poverty. After years of failure it has been widely known

Thanks for summaries. Inside China there are many years of experience of helping poor areas get out of poverty. After years of failure it has been widely known knowledge among developed area people that many historically poverty areas became poor largely because of the local people and subculture of the areas. Policies that very close to charity donation don't work I'm not talking about ethnic minority areas. It might be a big surprise to outsider that there exist such big differences among Han Chinese. Yes China is a big country with a big variety. There are less competitive and lazy Chinese Han people. Because all are Han Chinese there is no political correctness as taboo to talk about it. That's why the hard lesson is well known that a strong socialist policy like give a way free money will encourage the poor people stay in poverty. That can explain the Chinese aid to African usually in the form of loan. Interest can be low but it's very important that the money need to pay back so the borrowers will force to take responsibility and be accountable to get out of poverty. Free money doesn't work. Now the loan is distorted as "loan trap" in MSM which a lot of Chinese who know the lesson see as "blatant lie". Today with enough tax money the government can afford implement many socialist/liberal policy but still focus on build infrastructure , reduce tax, even provide free house, usually not free money. Maybe there are some exceptions mainly. Total capitalist policy also have problem. There are always less competitive people that can not catch up any way so they need charity like support. So mixed policy should have some balance.