Toxic materials (photoresist and associated solvents, acids for cleans, dopant chemicals, among others) and lots of electricity get used in the semiconductor ma

Toxic materials (photoresist and associated solvents, acids for cleans, dopant chemicals, among others) and lots of electricity get used in the semiconductor manufacturing process. And that's just at the wafer manufacturing site. It doesn't include materials for packaging or PCBs. Nor does it include the chemical plants that supply materials, or the environmental impact of producing the manufacturing equipment (which will only be used for a decade, 15 years at the outside), and its consumables. If you're concerned with the environmental footprint of your personal computing, you should probably use older equipment for longer. I think the balance is different for datacenters given their high utilization.