The NSF, which I think is the second-largest funder of research (or at least basic research) in the US, also requires public access to all publications (after a

The NSF, which I think is the second-largest funder of research (or at least basic research) in the US, also requires public access to all publications (after a 12-month embargo, like NIH). https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2018/nsf18041/nsf18041.jsp#q3 https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2018/nsf18041/nsf18041.jsp#q3 It is notable that these requirements from NSF and NIH have not eliminated many of the complaints about the influence of closed-access journals. Presumably this is because the real issue are the incentives researchers face to publish in such journals regardless of whether they are also publicly available. (Indeed, the vast majority of researchers already have institutional access to closed access journals, and the degree to which non-researchers read research is negligible.) For some scale: The NIH funds $39B in medical research https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/what-we-do/budget https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/what-we-do/budget The NSF does $7B https://www.nsf.gov/about/budget/fy2018/ https://www.nsf.gov/about/budget/fy2018/ Total funding in the US for basic research (which I think includes about $5B from NSF and $15B from NIH) is $86B http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/03/data-check-us-government-share-basic-research-funding-falls-below-50 http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/03/data-check-us-governm... https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2017/nsf17316/ https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2017/nsf17316/