There are some more recent findings that need further study. For instance, surgery that removes the upper portion of the small intestine has a large observed e

There are some more recent findings that need further study. For instance, surgery that removes the upper portion of the small intestine has a large observed effect. >gastrointestinal surgery can improve blood-sugar levels more effectively than any lifestyle or pharmaceutical intervention, and even lead to long-term remission of the disease. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-doctors-for-diabetics-now-recommend-surgery-instead-of-drugs/ https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-doctors-for-d... We know it works, but don't know why. Very recently, doctors released a study showing that just destroying the inner mucous membrane in that region of the small intestine had a similar effect. >By destroying the mucous membrane in the small intestine and causing a new one to develop, scientists stabilised the blood sugar levels of people with type 2 diabetes. The results have been described as “spectacular” – albeit unexpected – by the chief researchers involved. Even a year after the treatment, the disease was found to be stable in 90% of those treated. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/oct/24/spectacular-diabetes-treatment-could-end-daily-insulin-injections https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/oct/24/spectacular-... This early study of a much less invasive treatment certainly deserves further study.