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I'm curious how a rocket delivers multiple satellites spaced around a single orbit. Anyone know of something for laypeople that describes the process? I think

I'm curious how a rocket delivers multiple satellites spaced around a single orbit. Anyone know of something for laypeople that describes the process? I think it's really cool.

olaulaja 8y ago
I don't have a good article on this but I'd assume the rocket delivers the satellites to an orbit slightly below the target one. The satellites can then move to the final orbit on their own (small transfers take much less energy than one might guess). Since lower orbits are faster than higher ones spacing on the final orbit can be controlled by the timing of the final transfer.
- jessriedel 8y ago
  You've given basically the right answer for changing phase within the same orbit, i.e., if you start with multiple satellites near each other on the same circular path, and you want to space them out evenly along that path. However, the Iridium Next satellites have enough fuel to change ('migrate') to the next orbital plane over. They save fuel by using some tricks involving the non-uniform nature of the Earth's gravitational field, which only works because the migration can be done slowly. There are 6 planes in the constellation and the satellites were delivered 10-at-a-time on 7 launches, plus 5 satellites on an 8th rideshare launch. There are 11 operational satellites in each plane (plus 9 spares distributed over the planes), and it's easy to see that migration is necessary to fill out all 11 slots in all 6 planes given those launches. More info: http://www.rod.sladen.org.uk/iridium.htm http://www.rod.sladen.org.uk/iridium.htm
zamadatix 8y ago
I recommend picking up Kerbal Space Program on a slow weekend some time. Turns these kinds of questions into fun game play experiences.
ChuckMcM 8y ago
Not surprisingly, for a long time (and to some extent even today) it is often highly classified. That is because the original use was for nuclear weapons which carried more than one warhead and could hit multiple targets (or one target really hard). That said, these days its somewhat standardized (see this brochure :https://www.moog.com/content/dam/moog/literature/Space_Defense/spaceliterature/structures/sais_payload_adapter_rev_0813.pdf https://www.moog.com/content/dam/moog/literature/Space_Defen...) Basically a kinetic mechanism, sometimes a spring, sometimes just gas (aka compressed air), is used to give each satellite a 'kick' when it is released. Once the satellite is unfolded and oriented it can use an on board thruster to move itself to the proper orbit.

I'm curious how a rocket delivers multiple satellites spaced around a single orbit. Anyone know of something for laypeople that describes the process? I think it's really cool.

olaulaja 8y ago

I don't have a good article on this but I'd assume the rocket delivers the satellites to an orbit slightly below the target one. The satellites can then move to the final orbit on their own (small transfers take much less energy than one might guess). Since lower orbits are faster than higher ones spacing on the final orbit can be controlled by the timing of the final transfer.

jessriedel 8y ago
You've given basically the right answer for changing phase within the same orbit, i.e., if you start with multiple satellites near each other on the same circular path, and you want to space them out evenly along that path. However, the Iridium Next satellites have enough fuel to change ('migrate') to the next orbital plane over. They save fuel by using some tricks involving the non-uniform nature of the Earth's gravitational field, which only works because the migration can be done slowly. There are 6 planes in the constellation and the satellites were delivered 10-at-a-time on 7 launches, plus 5 satellites on an 8th rideshare launch. There are 11 operational satellites in each plane (plus 9 spares distributed over the planes), and it's easy to see that migration is necessary to fill out all 11 slots in all 6 planes given those launches. More info: http://www.rod.sladen.org.uk/iridium.htm http://www.rod.sladen.org.uk/iridium.htm

zamadatix 8y ago

I recommend picking up Kerbal Space Program on a slow weekend some time. Turns these kinds of questions into fun game play experiences.

ChuckMcM 8y ago

Not surprisingly, for a long time (and to some extent even today) it is often highly classified. That is because the original use was for nuclear weapons which carried more than one warhead and could hit multiple targets (or one target really hard). That said, these days its somewhat standardized (see this brochure :https://www.moog.com/content/dam/moog/literature/Space_Defense/spaceliterature/structures/sais_payload_adapter_rev_0813.pdf https://www.moog.com/content/dam/moog/literature/Space_Defen...) Basically a kinetic mechanism, sometimes a spring, sometimes just gas (aka compressed air), is used to give each satellite a 'kick' when it is released. Once the satellite is unfolded and oriented it can use an on board thruster to move itself to the proper orbit.