The general thing that's supposed to stop this is replication -- when an experiment is published, another researcher should be able to replicate the results. H

The general thing that's supposed to stop this is replication -- when an experiment is published, another researcher should be able to replicate the results. Here's an example of researchers being caught doing exactly this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When_contact_changes_minds https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When_contact_changes_minds