China's NDRC's antitrust findings were later affirmed by counterparts in South Korea, Taiwan, and the EU who found the same violations in their investigation in

China's NDRC's antitrust findings were later affirmed by counterparts in South Korea, Taiwan, and the EU who found the same violations in their investigation in 2016 and 2017. Now, are you also arguing that there is no law in those countries/union and they just made it up on the go like China? And appease USA? As I noted earlier, Obama's USFTC filed a lawsuit challenging Qualcomm's licensing practices. Who exactly was the NDRC appeasing? Qualcomm or USA? The NDRC's action is contrary to the USA's policy and China isn't going to win new friend by contradicting US's policy goals. Again, the system level licensing is not only widely accepted and upheld industry practice. Take another instance of the UMTS IPR Association's statement on system level licensing in wireless industry: " ... The royalty “collection point” shall be the last manufacturer in the manufacturing “chain.”This means that chip and subsystem manufacturers shall be indemnified for sales made toLicensees of certified Essential Patents who are the last manufacturers in the “chain.”Licensees shall not include those manufacturers of component products which are incorporated into final assembled products for which royalties are paid to their respective Licensor(s) ..." * 3G Patent Platform for 3G Mobile Communication Systems – Definition, Function,Structure, Operation, Governance, UMTS IPR ASSOCIATION, Section 8.2.6 (June 15, 2000)