Ask HN: How to do front end development for a CLI app?

I've made my share of UIs with HTML/CSS, WPF, good old fashioned 2d drawing, and so on. But now that I'm tinkering with an occasionally interactive CLI app, I'd like to learn the fundamentals of making a "UI" in that world. I'm not asking about how to parse arguments, or architect the app, nor am I looking to reinvent ncurses - I don't need fullscreen, or mouse support, menus, scaling or anything like that. But I would like to build passable radio buttons or checkboxes from scratch, formatted tables, a nice spinner or progress bar. So far I've been getting by on libraries and ad-hoc fiddling, but I'd like to read or watch something that establishes some fundamentals, since none of my experience has given me any intuition or instincts that are transferable to console APIs.