3 ms·
I'll answer the question two parts: > Are there any facilities that map all or most of those areas to full diagnostics of a person Not exactly, it's all very
by jz_ 8y ago
I'll answer the question two parts:
> Are there any facilities that map all or most of those areas to full diagnostics of a person
Not exactly, it's all very much an underdeveloped area of research. Biomarkers of biological aging are still being developed, and what has to happen is "translation" into the clinic before any hospital or medical practice can really claim to offer treatment.
On mapping/diagnosing:
Although telomere attrition is a hallmark, leukocyte telomere length has long been criticised as unreliable, which is popularly available as direct to consumer testing companies are capitalising on ignorance.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajhb.22906 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajhb.22906
[Telomeres, Aging and Exercise: Guilty by Association? (2017)](http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/12/2573 http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/12/2573)
[Salk scientists find that for stem cells to be healthy, telomere length has to be just right (2016)](http://www.salk.edu/news-release/goldilocks-effect-aging-research/ http://www.salk.edu/news-release/goldilocks-effect-aging-res...)
['This test is garbage': Experts in telomere biology and former employees allege that a Silicon Valley startup gives bogus 'cellular ages' based on a flawed blood test](https://www.thisisinsider.com/silicon-valley-telomere-blood-test-2018-9 https://www.thisisinsider.com/silicon-valley-telomere-blood-...)
I think the current more promising biomarker is epigenetic age:
https://www.nia.nih.gov/news/epigenetic-age-estimated-changes-dna-methylation-predicts-mortality https://www.nia.nih.gov/news/epigenetic-age-estimated-change...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetic_clock#Properties_of_Horvath's_clock https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetic_clock#Properties_of...
Horvath spoke at a conference last year recorded here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uw1J0UqWSjo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uw1J0UqWSjo
Direct to consumer testing: https://www.mydnage.com/services https://www.mydnage.com/services
The high level view is that whatever rejuvenation therapy versus one or more hallmarks does, should also reverse epigenetic age to validate it.
On a less theoretical level, any intervention would also have functional outcomes that reflect things like cognition, strength, balance, immune system function, and follow up monitoring for disease incidence and decline.
In terms of reversal, again - we have to wait for things to progress through the stages of clinical trials. No one wants to be pushing unverified snake oil, given the long history of that around aging and health.
part two of your question:
> and try to mitigate the aging effects from chronic issues?
The only consolation currently I think is that for those that can exercise, should based on what's known about the benefits:
* [Aging Hallmarks: The Benefits of Physical Exercise (2018)](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5980968/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5980968/)
* [Exercise Attenuates the Major Hallmarks of Aging (2015)](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4340807/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4340807/)
> Most of them just look at diet
Some biogerontologists do think that it's possible to slow the effects of aging with short dietary intervention, such as Valter Longo, who designed a 5-day low protein (as protein inhibits autophagy) calorie restricted diet based on animal research and success in humans. The 'Fasting Mimicking Diet' or FMD. Before anyone asks - no it has not been validated against epigenetic age. That would be a good line of inquiry. Yes, anyone can do it with basic ingredients from a supermarket. There's a subreddit for it: https://www.reddit.com/r/FMD https://www.reddit.com/r/FMD
Selected research on fasting and the FMD:
Longo and Mattson, 2014. [Fasting: molecular mechanisms and clinical applications](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550413113005032 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155041311...). Cell metab, 19(2), pp.181-192.
Cheng et al, 2014. [Prolonged fasting reduces IGF-1/PKA to promote hematopoietic-stem-cell-based regeneration and reverse immunosuppression](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1934590914001519 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S193459091...). Cell stem cell, 14(6), pp.810-823.
Brandhorst et al, 2015. [A periodic diet that mimics fasting promotes multi-system regeneration, enhanced cognitive performance, and healthspan](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550413115002247 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155041311...). Cell metab, 22(1), pp.86-99.
Longo and Panda, 2016. [Fasting, circadian rhythms, and time-restricted feeding in healthy lifespan](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550413116302509 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155041311...). Cell metab, 23(6), pp.1048-1059.
Di Biase et al, 2016. [Fasting-mimicking diet reduces HO-1 to promote T cell-mediated tumor cytotoxicity](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1535610816302653 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S153561081...). Cancer cell, 30(1), pp.136-146.
Choi et al, 2016. [A diet mimicking fasting promotes regeneration and reduces autoimmunity and multiple sclerosis symptoms](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124716305769 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221112471...). Cell rep, 15(10), pp.2136-2146.
Wei et al, 2017. [Fasting-mimicking diet and markers/risk factors for aging, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease](http://l-nutra.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/science-translational-medicine-february-2017.pdf http://l-nutra.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/science-transl...). Sci trans med, 9(377), p.eaai8700.
Cheng et al, 2017. [Fasting-mimicking diet promotes Ngn3-driven β-cell regeneration to reverse diabetes](http://www.celprogen.com/uploads/product/14902320845.pdf http://www.celprogen.com/uploads/product/14902320845.pdf). Cell, 168(5), pp.775-788.
Guidi N, Longo VD, 2018 [Periodic fasting starves cisplatin-resistant cancers to death](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29875131 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29875131)
Fontana et al, 2013. [Dietary protein restriction inhibits tumor growth in human xenograft models of prostate and breast cancer](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3926840/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3926840/). Oncotarget, 4(12), p.2451.
Mirzaei et al, 2014. [Protein and amino acid restriction, aging and disease: from yeast to humans](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4254277/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4254277/). Trends Endocrin Metab, 25(11), pp.558-566.
Levine et al, 2014. [Low protein intake is associated with a major reduction in IGF-1, cancer, and overall mortality in the 65 and younger but not older population](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155041311400062X https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155041311...). Cell metab, 19(3), pp.407-417.
Shim and Longo, 2015. [A protein restriction-dependent sulfur code for longevity](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009286741401633X https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009286741...). Cell, 160(1-2), pp.15-17.
Mirzaei et al, 2016. [The conserved role for protein restriction during aging and disease](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4807119/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4807119/). Curr op clin nut metab care, 19(1), p.74.
Song et al, 2016. [Association of animal and plant protein intake with all-cause and cause-specific mortality](https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2540540 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullar...). JAMA in med, 176(10), pp.1453-1463.
Wei et al, 2017. [Fasting-mimicking diet and markers/risk factors for aging, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28202779 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28202779)
- LinuxBender 8y agoThankyou for the in depth and detailed answer. I was afraid that such research has not found its way into any clinics yet. In terms of exercise, I walk about 5 miles a day on weekdays. In terms of protein restriction, I have read up on that as well, since I had been repairing my gut from significant damage. One of my primary concerns was that I would be providing everything that cancer cells need to grow and spread. To compensate for the potential Metastasis, I implemented things into my diet that are said to inhibit the spread, such as Curcumin and aged garlic extract. Only time will tell I suppose. I am reaching the point where I can likely defer the amino acids for 2 out of 4 weeks at a time. Beyond that and soy, I don't get excess protein. Thankyou for the links. I will read up on the reddit posts later today.