I don't think he necessarily means elements in the chemistry sense of the word. By elements he probably just means new physical materials (e.g. graphene), and b

I don't think he necessarily means elements in the chemistry sense of the word. By elements he probably just means new physical materials (e.g. graphene), and by structures he's probably talking about things like nanobots or 3D chips. (I could be completely wrong, but just a guess.)