the presence of such a chain is the real root cause, rather than the unhandled sql exception. This is really interesting and something which bugs me about root

the presence of such a chain is the real root cause, rather than the unhandled sql exception. This is really interesting and something which bugs me about root cause analysis and it's a neat coincidence that this has been quoted relative to an aviation incident. In aviation, incidents and accidents are investigated with the understanding that there is never a single cause of an accident. It's known as the swiss cheese model. All the holes in the swiss cheese have to line up for something to go wrong. Even in a seemingly simple "pilot error" accident, there are years of initial and recurrent training factors, ergonomic and human factors and so on which all lead to the event. It's exceedingly rare for a single "root cause" to be the whole story. Medicine is starting to adopt techniques learned from aviation like checklists, crew resource management and no-blame, swiss-cheese accident investigations. I am hopeful that the software industry will take similar lessons over the next decade or so.