Technically this is the intrinsic motivation (task-oriented student) vs extrinsic motivation (goal-oriented student) divide. The thing is that everyone agrees t

Technically this is the intrinsic motivation (task-oriented student) vs extrinsic motivation (goal-oriented student) divide. The thing is that everyone agrees that meaningful learning needs the former and this ideal lies at the root of every methodological innovation, but in practice everyone pushes for the latter because school has also other uglier social jobs. This is a cognitive dissonance that pervades the whole education system which should be faced at some point. Basically it should start with: "you can speak freely, what's the main purpose of school?"