It's less "can they render them" and more "do they maintain their meaning in alternate renderings". For example, it's common in these to use non-latin characte

It's less "can they render them" and more "do they maintain their meaning in alternate renderings". For example, it's common in these to use non-latin characters that visually resemble latin characters. But if you were to try and substitute them literally, either as their actual phonetic sound, or a latin equivalent that is semantically similar but visually different, you risk breaking the meaning. It's a bit like when old manuscripts use letters that look like "s" and "f" in places that seem nonsensical today. In google's case, it's certainly worth it to write a little interpreter that maps the visual meaning to its latin equivalent so you can get better search results.