There are some ways to adjust and counteract these effects (it's an issue with every clinical trial on serious illnesses and older populations though). A refer

There are some ways to adjust and counteract these effects (it's an issue with every clinical trial on serious illnesses and older populations though). A reference: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3227332/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3227332/ Sometimes, you have to trust the quality of the journal and biostatistician if you aren't able to read everything yourself.