I bet more people have died because there was no pen present (too expensive) than would have died from incorrect administration of a cheaper pen. So the design

I bet more people have died because there was no pen present (too expensive) than would have died from incorrect administration of a cheaper pen. So the design of the epipen solves a problem, but are we making the right tradeoff in insisting on using that solution at a high price point? This is like the fact that TSA searches make another 9/11 less likely, however people driving instead of flying to avoid the hassle is estimated to have killed more people than 9/11 itself did. Risk is a funny thing, and isn't always straightforward to figure out. Making it personal, in theory my daughter should have 2 epipens close at all times because if she gets stung on the neck, she could need one. Anywhere else is OK, the concern is swelling from her allergy cutting off airflow. That explains one, and the second is in case the first fails to work properly, which sometimes happens. In practice there is an epipen for her at school, and at her mother's house, but not at my house. We shelled out once. But we're not shelling out over and over again to prevent such an unlikely disaster. (Twice more so that there are the recommended number of pens at school and both places she lives, then more as we lose them since they are supposed to always be on us..soon we're talking about real money!)