It’s well known and uncontroversial that higher levels of testerone (e.g. average male levels) promote muscle growth, bone density, etc. Testosterone is obvious

It’s well known and uncontroversial that higher levels of testerone (e.g. average male levels) promote muscle growth, bone density, etc. Testosterone is obviously a huge component of what makes men able to build muscle faster than women. But just because testosterone defficiency in a male (below normal range) can lead to anxiety and depression in some men and exogenous testosterone therapy which brings levels back to baseline shows some evidence of alleviating the depressive and anxiety symptoms, does not mean anything for baseline characterstics of otherwise healthy men or woman. Hormones obviously have a huge impact on human mood. I think it’s under-studied how dramatic an effect hormone imbalances can actually have, and how to effectively alter hormone levels to successfully improve mood. Seratonin for example is a neurotransmitter but I think can also be considered a hormone, and we’ve all heard of SSRIs.