This is a very difficult topic to address well, in a way that's not so soaked in zeitgeist that it would be nonsensical if read in 30 years. I think a big part

This is a very difficult topic to address well, in a way that's not so soaked in zeitgeist that it would be nonsensical if read in 30 years. I think a big part of the problem is the key terms. Democracy, liberty, equality. These are undefined. They may sound simple and self evident, but the way we use them is as rich and subtle abstractions, bundles of associations with all sort of philosophical positions and institutions. Remember that the liberals who invented the term as we now use it... some of them were slavers. How is this consistent with liberty? Somehow it was, to them. Anyway... I think Harari is mostly addressing what he sees as the employment consequences of current technology. He buys the techno-unemployment argument, and the argument goes from here. I don't think it's fair to accuse Harari of lacking historical perspective. He's a great teacher of historical perspective. He's responsible for a lot of my historical perspective, personally. I disagree with a lot of this essay. The point about propoganda posters is a solid one though.