I come from business programming in Swift (the usual CRUD API based stuff) and for me I completely get lost reading this once the formulas kick in. I have this

I come from business programming in Swift (the usual CRUD API based stuff) and for me I completely get lost reading this once the formulas kick in. I have this problem as well when reading about more theoretical algorithm articles. Usually when I see the resulting code I do get it but I feel I miss out on a lot of theory. Can anybody help me grok the more theoretical stuff in this article?