If you are given the external string as bytes, which is all you can have if you don't know the encoding. Then steps 2,3,4 can all be done as one step I would ha

If you are given the external string as bytes, which is all you can have if you don't know the encoding. Then steps 2,3,4 can all be done as one step I would have thought. Something like - https://github.com/adamretter/utf8-validator/blob/optimize-utf8-validation/src/main/java/uk/gov/nationalarchives/utf8/validator/Utf8Validator.java#L196 https://github.com/adamretter/utf8-validator/blob/optimize-u...