What you're looking for to research is WSJT - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WSJT_%28Amateur_radio_software%29 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WSJT_%28Amateur_radi

What you're looking for to research is WSJT - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WSJT_%28Amateur_radio_software%29 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WSJT_%28Amateur_radio_software... In a nutshell, Joe Taylor (K1JT) created a program that features novel modulation schemes that solve a few problems that other modulations didn't, like fast meteor scatter modes, modes that are better for Earth-Moon-Earth communications, and modes that work better in very low-signal scenarios with a lot of signal fading due to the ionosphere. The result are modes that are very slow - only sending something like 13 characters every 15 seconds for FT8 - but far more reliable than other keyboard modes like PSK31 or Olivia. The mechanization means QSOs are stripped to their bare necessities - callsign, location, signal report, and that's it. It's shifts the idea of a QSO by forcing quick, scripted, nearly automated contacts, which is a very well-received change since a lot of HF ops are only interested in the contact, and not the person.