> Nations as a concept didn't exist when those empires were founded Nations as in "a group of people united by common descent, history, culture, and language,

> Nations as a concept didn't exist when those empires were founded Nations as in "a group of people united by common descent, history, culture, and language, inhabiting a particular state or territory" most certainly did exist. > Within the boundaries of the empire you had peace and prosperity. Then you don't know much (or anything) about the life of people conquered by caliphates.