My favorite is the FLAC algorithm. It's fairly simple to explain - take a signal input, pattern match a generative signal that closely matches the original or p

My favorite is the FLAC algorithm. It's fairly simple to explain - take a signal input, pattern match a generative signal that closely matches the original or part of it, and the output is a combination of that generative code and the difference between it and it and the input. Second favorite is the LISP REPL. Specifically the Eval function, thanks to this classic video of Sussman https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0m6hoOelZH8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0m6hoOelZH8