"practicing engineering without a license." is a new one to me, didn't realise they had that in the U.S. In the UK you can call yourself an engineer and nobody

"practicing engineering without a license." is a new one to me, didn't realise they had that in the U.S. In the UK you can call yourself an engineer and nobody is going to charge you for that. However, if you want to do any serious engineering then you do need a few letters after your name for some professions. I am glad Isambard Kingdom Brunel and other 'engineers' were able to work without having to be qualified in some official way. I don't see this chair or any of the other U.S. methods as being particularly humane. There is a lack of instant-ness which then becomes 'cruel and unusual punishment'. Firing squad places burden on the firing squad, even if results are instant and therefore not 'cruel and unusual'. How come blunt force trauma and a 'dead man's switch' hasn't been tried? Evil-wrong-doer is given a switch that he/she can let go of 'when they are ready', then extremely heavy object and the magic of gravity could solve the matter of instant resolution.