That sentence is not true in the presence of good regularization. And doing proper regularization is a major part of machine learning as a discipline, just like

That sentence is not true in the presence of good regularization. And doing proper regularization is a major part of machine learning as a discipline, just like having test and training sets to see if you overfit the data. So “Machine learning algorithms will always identify a pattern, even if there is none” is only true if you don't follow the basic best practices of machine learning.