> Raw pointers—if they're single heap allocations—are also runtime validity-checked, in the sense that violations will (probabilistically) result in a General P

> Raw pointers—if they're single heap allocations—are also runtime validity-checked, in the sense that violations will (probabilistically) result in a General Protection Fault, given a large address space and ASLR. Not for off-by-constant-offset errors it won't. Even with address sanitization there's still a significant chance your overflowed offset will correspond with a valid part of some other a array--not really detectable at runtime in C.